MontessoriX: Initial release

2023-07-18T06:17:18Z

Initial release

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'''Adolescence''' in the Montessori educational framework refers to the third plane of development, spanning the ages of 12 to 18 years. This stage is characterized by significant physical, emotional, and intellectual changes as children transition into adulthood<ref>Montessori, M. (1948). From childhood to adolescence. New York: Schocken Books.</ref>.

During '''adolescence''', children start to develop a heightened awareness of the broader social world, and this triggers a need for more direct experiences with adult thinking and work. The Montessori method emphasizes fostering independence, social responsibility, and self-directed learning during this period. The educational program during adolescence often includes real-world applications, meaningful work, and opportunities for adolescents to engage in community service and social activities<ref>Lillard, A. (2005). Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius. Oxford University Press.</ref>.

== Montessori Quotes on Adolescence ==

{{Blockquote|text="The essential reform is this: to construct an environment which will, in itself, provide for the child's development. The problem of adolescence must be solved not only theoretically: we must not limit ourselves to observe, and to take note of the psychology of the adolescent: it is necessary to act."|author=Maria Montessori|source="From Childhood to Adolescence"}}

== Research and Critiques ==

=== Pro ===
* Montessori approach provides adolescents with valuable experiences that foster independence and social responsibility<ref>Lillard, A. (2005). Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius. Oxford University Press.</ref>.
It offers a practical and hands-on learning environment that is responsive to the developmental needs of adolescents<ref>Montessori, M. (1948). From childhood to adolescence. New York: Schocken Books.</ref>.

=== Cons ===
* Critics argue that the Montessori approach might not sufficiently prepare adolescents for the standardized testing and grading systems used in many traditional high schools and colleges<ref>Rathunde, K., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005). Middle school students' motivation and quality of experience: A comparison of Montessori and traditional school environments. American Journal of Education, 111(3), 341-371.</ref>.
* There's a concern that Montessori education might not offer enough opportunities for adolescents to interact with peers in a less structured environment, which is essential for their social development<ref>Murray, A. (2011). Montessori elementary philosophy reflects current motivation theories. Montessori Life, 23(1), 22-33.</ref>.

== Comparison to Other Methods ==
* Traditional educational models typically shift towards more structured learning and formal assessment during adolescence. Conversely, Montessori education continues to emphasize self-directed learning, practical experiences, and community engagement. While both approaches acknowledge the significant changes occurring during adolescence, they offer different strategies to support and guide adolescents through this transformative period<ref>Rathunde, K., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005). Middle school students' motivation and quality of experience: A comparison of Montessori and traditional school environments. American Journal of Education, 111(3), 341-371.</ref>.

{{Glossary of Montessori Terms}}

== References ==
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Adolescence (Montessori) - Revision history

MontessoriX: Initial release