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In Montessori education, '''Deviations''' refer to behaviors exhibited by children that result from obstacles to their normal development.<ref>Montessori, M. (1949). The Absorbent Mind. Clio Press.</ref> These deviations may be perceived negatively (e.g., a destructive child) or positively (e.g., a passive, quiet child). According to Montessori theory, such deviations tend to disappear once a child starts to concentrate on a freely chosen task.

== Montessori Quotes ==

*"To give a child liberty is not to abandon him to himself."<ref>Montessori, M. (1949). The Absorbent Mind. Clio Press.</ref>

*"The deviations are like diseases, but the symptoms are the contrary of those of physical illness, because they are not shown in suffering and pain, but in the flight of the patient into a kind of defensive exaltation."<ref>Montessori, M. (1949). The Absorbent Mind. Clio Press.</ref>

== Research and Critiques ==

*'''Pros''': Montessori's perspective on deviations aligns with the approach of viewing behaviors as signals of underlying needs or challenges, which can be addressed through adjustments in the environment or approach to the child. This view can promote understanding and effective responses to a range of behaviors.<ref>Lillard, A. (2017). Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius. Oxford University Press.</ref>

*'''Cons''': Critics argue that the Montessori perspective on deviations may downplay the role of inherent personality traits, unique child temperaments, or neurodiversity. It also might minimize the importance of professional interventions for certain behaviors.<ref>Spodek, B., & Saracho, O. N. (2010). Contemporary Perspectives on Play in Early Childhood Education. Information Age Publishing.</ref>

== Comparisons to Other Methods ==

In contrast to traditional models that might label certain behaviors as disruptive or problematic, Montessori education views these deviations as signals of obstacles to normal development, responding by adapting the learning environment or approach.<ref>Mooney, C. (2013). Theories of Childhood, Second Edition: An Introduction to Dewey, Montessori, Erikson, Piaget & Vygotsky. Redleaf Press.</ref>

== See Also ==

*[[Montessori Method]]
*[[Prepared Environment (Montessori)]]
*[[Practical Life (Montessori)]]

{{Glossary of Montessori Terms}}

{{Glossary of Montessori Terms}}

== References ==

<references/>

Deviations (Montessori)/en - Revision history

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